Many homeowners today choose to retire, or are obliged to,
before they have fully paid off their mortgage. With their
income reduced, the required monthly mortgage payment can
become heavily burdensome.
The conversion of a standard
mortgage to a reverse mortgage is not for everyone. See
Transitioning From a Standard
Mortgage to a Reverse Mortgage: A Bad Idea For Some, A Good
Idea For Others.
Table 1
The Largest Old
Mortgage Balance That Can Be Repaid in Full With a HECM
Reverse Mortgage, March 11, 2016
Current Property Value |
Age of Borrower |
|||||
62 |
67 |
72 |
77 |
82 |
87 |
|
$100,000 |
$48,475 FRM |
$51,675 FRM |
$55,175 FRM |
$59,175 FRM |
$63,475 FRM |
$67,975 FRM |
$200,000 |
$99,389 FRM |
$105,789 FRM |
$111,820 FRM |
$120,989 FRM |
$129,589 FRM |
$138,689 FRM |
$300,000 |
$149,496 FRM |
$155,180 ARM |
$165,180 ARM |
$177,680 ARM |
$190,580 ARM |
$204,080 ARM |
$400,000 |
$195,480
ARM |
$208,280 ARM |
$222,280 ARM |
$243,196 ARM |
$260,596 ARM |
$278,796 ARM |
For most seniors, waiting until age 70 before collecting
social security, as opposed to taking a smaller amount
earlier, is an excellent investment. A typical senior who
could draw $1350 a month at age 62, would see the draw
increase to $2376 at age 70. Yet more than 2 of every 3
workers eligible for social security take it early. One
major reason is that they are short of income. This can be
remedied if they are homeowners with equity.
Not that much equity is needed. If the borrower is 62, a
monthly payment of $1,000 covering the 8 years until age 70
is available with equity of $155,000. At age 67, when the
payment term is only 3 years, the required equity is only
$66,000. If the borrower has more equity than is needed, all
the better, it can be drawn on to meet other needs as they
arise.
Table 2
March 11, 2016
Age of Borrower |
62 |
63 |
64 |
65 |
66 |
67 |
Term of HECM |
8yrs |
7yrs |
6yrs |
5yrs |
4yrs |
3yrs |
Estimated Home Equity Required For Monthly Term
Payment of $1,000 |
$155,000 |
$138,000 |
$121,000 |
$104,000 |
$85,000 |
$66,000 |
The most straightforward remedy
for inadequate income is what is called a “tenure” payment,
which is a monthly payment that runs as long as the borrower
resides in the house. The payment varies with the property
value, the borrower’s age, and interest rates when the
mortgage is taken out. On March 11, 2016, the tenure payment
ranged from $266 for a borrower of 62 with a house worth
$100,000, to $2582 for a borrower of 87 with a house worth
$400,000.
Table 3
Largest Monthly Tenure Payment From a HECM Reverse Mortgage
March 11, 2016
Current Property Value Less Balance on Old Mortgage |
Age of Borrower |
|||||
62 |
67 |
72 |
77 |
82 |
87 |
|
$100,000 |
$266 |
$296 |
$334 |
$391 |
$476 |
$622 |
$200,000 |
$551 |
$611 |
$690 |
$804 |
$977 |
$1276 |
$300,000 |
$835 |
$925 |
$1045 |
$1217 |
$1478 |
$1928 |
$400,000 |
$1120 |
$1240 |
$1401 |
$1630 |
$1979 |
$2582 |
Seniors who
accumulate a nest-egg during their working years which they
then use to maintain their lifestyle during retirement may
be at risk of running out of money if they live too long.
Even if the probability of that happening is low, no one
wants to live with a low probability of becoming destitute.
Seniors who own homes, however, have a way to insure against
that outcome. If they take a HECM credit line and let it sit
unused, the line grows over time. The longer they live in
their house, the larger will be their unused line.
For example, a
senior of 62 with a house worth $200,000 qualifies for an
initial HECM credit line of $48,000. If interest rates
remain stable, the line will grow to $157,000 in 20 years.
If interest rates increase and the borrower selected a
mortgage with a 5% adjustment cap, the line in 20 years
would be $355,000. If the borrower had selected an ARM with
a 10% adjustment cap, and rates increase by the maximum
allowed, the line after 20 years would be $752,000.
Table 4
Future Credit Lines on a HECM Reverse Mortgage Available to
a Borrower of 62 With a Home Currently Worth $200,000
March 11, 2016
Unused Credit Line |
|||||||
Within First Year |
In 5 Years |
In 10 Years |
In 15 Years |
In 20 Years |
In 25 Years |
||
ARM 1: Stable Interest Rates |
|||||||
$48, 000 |
$65,000 |
$87,000 |
$117,000 |
$157, 000 |
$211,000 |
||
ARM 1: Maximum Allowable Interest Rates |
|||||||
$48,000 |
$75,000 |
$125,000 |
$211,000 |
$355,000 |
$662,000 |
||
ARM 2: Stable Interest Rates |
|||||||
$48,000 |
$63,000 |
$83,000 |
$110,000 |
$146,000 |
$194,000 |
||
ARM 2: Maximum Allowable Interest Rates |
|||||||
$48,000 |
$87,000 |
$179,000 |
$367,000 |
$752,000 |
$1,540,000 |
||
Note: Each stated credit line assumes no prior usage. ARM 1
has an initial rate of 4.194% and a maximum rate of 9.194%
Many home
purchasers are seniors who already own homes but want a
change. They may want a house in a different location, and
in many cases they want to downsize, both the physical house
and the financial burdens that come with it. A HECM reverse
mortgage can facilitate this process by funding part of the
cost, which reduces the need to liquidate other assets,
without imposing a monthly payment obligation.
For example, a
senior of 62 purchasing a $200,000 home could obtain up to
$98,375 with a HECM. This reduces the amount that must be
obtained from asset liquidation and other sources to
$101,625. A purchaser of 82 could obtain up to $128,375 with
a HECM, reducing asset liquidation to $71,625.
Table 5
Funding a $200,000 House Purchase With a HECM Reverse
Mortgage
Source of Funding |
Age of Borrower |
||||
62 |
67 |
72 |
77 |
82 |
|
Low Mortgage Insurance Premium |
|||||
HECM |
$60,455 |
$64,295 |
$68,495 |
$73,295 |
$78,455 |
Asset Sales & Other Sources |
$139,545 |
$135,705 |
$131,505 |
$126,705 |
$121,545 |
|
High Mortgage Insurance Premium |
||||
HECM |
$98,375 |
$104,775 |
$111,775 |
$119,775 |
$128,375 |
Asset Sales & Other Sources |
$101,625 |
$95,225 |
$88,225 |
$80,225 |
$71,625 |